# 12/12/2023 - [ ] did not complete pre-solo quiz, make sure to complete it for next lesson - [x] phase 5 of CTA completed - [ ] figure out answer to question 3 on the phase 4 quiz (hint: answer can be found in the AIM) (chapter 3: airspace) - [ ] figure out answer to question 4 on the phase 4 quiz (hint: answer can be found in the AIM) - [ ] review 91.113: right of way rules --> will ask questions about this during next session - [ ] review chapter 3 of the aim - reviewed FAR 91.119: minimum safe altitudes --> remember that the safe altitudes do not apply when necessary for takeoff and landing - reviewed right-of-way rules: remember that the aircraft that is being overtaken has the right of way (maneuverability of the aircraft does not matter in this case) - good job with emergency procedures (engine failure memory items) - radio failure procedures --> good job with the squawk code / good job with decision of airport to go to - practice alternator failure in the ground trainer --> review electrical busses to have a full understanding of what will function when the avionics switches are turned off / make sure not to turn the batt switch off so that you can maintain electrical power while troubleshooting - engine failure --> pick airports as first choice of landing option --> paved is preferable to grass fields - VFR INTO IMC IS AN EMERGENCY!! always consider it an emergency, it has killed many pilots # 12/6/2023 - papa - 320 9 / 17 - 10 - clear - 13 / 4 - 30.13 - 25 in use - oscar - 310 8 - 10 - clear - 12 / 06 - 30.17 - 31 in use - romeo - 310 12 - > 5'5 - 13 / 4 - 30.15 - 25 in use - good crosswind corrections on takeoff - instructed on GFC700 operations on the way to KLEE - practiced with lean assist on the G1000 - crosswind landings at KLEE - make sure to add nose up trim on short final - add crosswind corrections during touch and go when on the runway --> this will help with centerline alignment - when on initial climb out, try hard to maintain Vy, we were getting a little bit fast - [ ] practice radio communications at home using liveATC and practice following a specific aircraft and walking through their radio calls # 12/5/2023 - [ ] finish pre-solo quiz by tuesday (12/12) - [ ] finish phase 5 by next tuesday (12/12) - [ ] review VFR cloud clearance requirements - good job finishing phase 4 - did not complete phase 4 quiz --> finish for tomorrow - review airworthiness lesson --> https://cfi.fyi/lessons/preflightprep/airworthinessrequirements - reviewed required documents and required inspections - reviewed inoperative equipment, used example of flap position indicator / standby attitude indicator --> sent inoperative equipment flow chart - fueling --> went over self service fueling, difference in bonding cable and grounding cables, connecting to unpainted metal surface - went over VFR cloud clearance requirements - reviewed VFR cruising altitudes # 11/30/2023 - reviewed colors of VFR sectional in preparation for FAA color vision test - reviewed and uploaded phase 3 quiz to FSP - gave phase 4 and pre-solo quiz - engine failure --> good job on the memory items - weight and balance --> good job calculating available fuel to fit within weight, but always be careful and very that you fall within CG envelope - retract the flaps faster on the go around, once established with Vx pitch set, go ahead and go flaps 20 - engine failure --> when in the downwind, make the turn earlier to make sure that you have the glide available to make it onto the airport property at least - # 11/29/2023 - kilo - 340 8 - 10 - clr - 30.21 - 7 in use - bring mixture to rich before starting run up --> if you do bring in power before setting mixture, pull power out and start over, don't bring the mixture in as you will go to a very high power setting - good job on checklists for phase changes - engine failure --> ALWAYS verify checklist items if you have sufficient altitude, pick a field and go with it, try to not switch it up a bunch - get a 65KIAS descent rate when doing power off stall and descend 100 ft, when you start climbing back up set flaps 20 - good job with crab angle on final approach, we maintained centerline well - be a little bit more aggressive with sideslip on landing, align the nose down the runway # 11/28/2023 - [ ] finish phase 3 (CTA) tonight 11/28 - [ ] finish phase 3 quiz by our lesson tomorrow 11/29 - [ ] memorize engine failure ABCDE (SOPs) and engine failure in flight by tomorrow 11/29 - [ ] finish phase 4 (CTA) by Saturday 12/2 - weight and balance --> review weight and balance lesson --> https://1drv.ms/w/s!AtlIdUfWw473gdpCubeG3pOUTZeXsQ - performance calculations --> review takeooff and landing performance calculations --> these are very important - power setting in the downwind --> 2200 RPM --> review SOPs - go around --> review SOP speeds for flap retraction --> nice note on waiting to call the tower until under control - glide ratio of 172 is 9:1 - engine failure --> 7700 is emergency squawk code, guard frequency is 121.5 --> you need to review this thoroughly, you NEED to know this - engine failure in climb attitude (Vx/Vy) --> good note on pitching down quickly - always verify flap position in the airplane when extending or retracting the flaps # 11/14/2023 - review Bernoulli's principle --> have to be able to explain this concept thoroughly - need to know what causes airflow separation - what causes a spin? - review fuel system capacity - need to know the model of engine used - ignition system --> there are only 2 spark plugs per cylinder and ONLY 2 magnetos - study all turning tendencies --> watch the videos I have sent you in the past and the one that I sent you today # 11/9/2023 - good job with checklist usage and pre-maneuver checklist - slow flight --> remember that we do not want to lose altitude in the maneuver --> go over the SOPs again for target airspeed - steep turns --> make sure to add sufficient back pressure to maintain the sight picture which will help to not lose altitude - make sure to complete descent and approach briefing early to not get behind the airplane - approach was nice - review bravo shelf altitudes and the boundaries of the KORL airspace Delta # 11/1/2023 - too windy, didn't end up flying ## Notes - traffic patterns - go around procedure - make sure to review airspeeds of when to bring the flaps - ground effect - remember that the increase in performance is due to a reduction in induced drag - asymetric flap retraction - always think about both options in terms of the risks - ignition system - good explanation - # 10/31/2023 - nov - 340 8' - 10 - clr - 29 17 - 29.87 - 7 - 7 a7 e4 e a x13 ## Notes # 10/24/2023 - crosswind takeoffs and landings in the ground trainer - remember to always set your crosswind correction before beginning to accelerate - also add it back in after touchdown - make sure to think about crab angles in the pattern - they will make your overall pattern more consistent - watch your altitude during the traffic pattern, you tended to remain a little bit high - always go around if the approach doesn't feel stabilized - this is always the correct option - never continue an approach that doesn't feel stabilized # 10/17/2023 - remember that the FAR will have all of the regulations related to flight - part 91 has general operating requirements - part 61 related to getting your certificate or rating - lift production - flow turning is responsible for lift production - study airspace - unable to recall airspace type of KORL and KMCO and what the boundaries were - pre-maneuver checklist - make sure to go through the checklist entirely - slow flight (landing configuration) - remember flaps 10 is below 110 - pitch is for maintaining airspeed, NOT power - tended to get fast on airspeed, make sure to correct earlier - power off stall (landing configuration) - make sure to take power out when entering stall - spin awareness - practice and chair fly PARE - this is not something that you will have time to think about if it happens in the airplane - normal landing - make sure not to go around south of the airport as to not enter into the Bravo - make callouts when extending flaps and double check that the speeds are below V(fe) # 10/12/2023 ## Progress Check Review (Scenario 1, Phase 2) - asked about fuel system - couldn't list the items in the system, asked him to look it up - went to the PHAK instead of POH - directed him to the POH and had him read the individual components and asked about their purpose - did pretty well with that - asked about the power plant - he talked about 4 strokes - intake - intakes fuel and air - asked how it does that - mentioned the intake valve - compression - said that compression causes a chemical reaction that causes the power stroke - power - exhaust - asked about horsepower - said 180 @ 2700 RPM - asked about the name of the engine - didn't know the name but said he would look it up in the POH - found it IO-360-L2A - said fuel injected - horizontally opposed - forgot what the 360 means - asked about engine oil - asked purpose of oil - lubricate - cool - carry away contaminants - seal between the piston and the walls - capacity - 8 qts - asked what type of oil system we have - said wet sump - stated that it is integrated into the engine - asked about ignition system - mentionioned that we have spark plugs and magnetos - talked about spark plugs - doesn't know how they work - asked how many spark plugs we have - said 2 in each cylinder so 8 total - asked about magneto - said that it supplies electrical current to the spark plugs - asked him to go through slow flight - did well reciting the SOPs - did both clean and dirty configuration - asked again about lift production - could not explain it again #review - asked him what a force is - told him it is mass $\times$ acceleration - Newton's Laws - remembered that for every force there is an equal and opposite force - --- # 10/11/2023 - got ForeFlight subscription ## Progress Check Review (Stage 1, Phase 2) - four forces - asked when they are equal, stated unaccelerated flight - asked about a constant speed climb - stated that the forces aren’t equal in a Vy climb because we are accelerating - lift production - How is lift produced? - Stated angle of attack - said that the airflow pushes the wing - asked what concept that is called and he stated “the separation of air” - asked to explain further, and stated that lift is generated from the high and low pressure areas of the wing - We talked about this in depth last time, so not a good sign - Aerodynamics - stalls - asked what a stall is - stated that it is when you exceed the critical angle of attack - stated it is related to high and low pressure - Asked where on the wing it will stall first - stated the wing root, couldn’t remember why - V speeds - Maneuvering speed - Asked about the speed - got that correctly - asked why it increases with weight - Wasn’t sure - #review - Asked what the purpose of the speed is - Didn’t know - #review - $V_{FE}$ - Did not know it #review - Had him look in the checklist to find what it is - Checklist usage - Asked about methods of doing the checklist #review - Said verify, then corrected to do/verify - didn’t remember read/do - Asked which ones are do verify, stated that they have the border around them - Asked where you can find the flows for the checklist - pulled up the document - collision avoidance - Stated raising the wingtip in turns - Stated constantly scanning for traffic - Asked about in a climb - Pitching the nose down periodically - asked about reasons for using cruise climbs #review - obtaining weather - had him read some METARs, did alright - asked what types of observations or forecasts we have for the airport - Said can call the ASOS - said you can look on ForeFlight - asked what a TAF is #review - Operation of Systems - Oil - purpose of oil #review - Stated cools off engine, lubricates engine, didn’t know the other purposes - Had him look in the PHAK for the other uses - asked what type of oil system the 172 has - said it is a wet sump but didn’t know what that was - looked it up in the POH - doesn’t know what a wet sump oil system is, explained it to him #review - Power plant - Asked about 4 strokes - Got them correct - Asked about engine horsepower - Had to look it up #review - Asked about the name of the engine - looked up Lycoming IO-360-L2A - Asked what the letters and numbers mean - didn’t know them #review - Flight controls - Asked what the primary flight controls are - Stated rudder, aileron, elevator - asked how they work - Stated pulleys and cables - stated that there was a bell crank in for the ailerons - didn’t know that it was for adverse yaw #review - Fuel system - stated total fuel was 53 gallons - had to lookup in the POH to figure out total fuel - - - - # 10/10/2023 - stated that didn’t get ForeFlight subscription because he didn’t have a gift card but will get it before our next lesson - flight - Add back pressure during taxi turns and watch for crosswind corrections - no crosswind correction on takeoff - Maintain Vy pitch after liftoff and don’t pitch up too aggressively, we were approaching a stall without intervention - Stated to check the mixture multiple times rolling onto the runway. Make sure that you are actually checking things when reading out that you are checking them. The mixture was leaned - loss of altitude in steep turns - Add nose up trim in the entry - Add power - Add back pressure while rolling in # 10/3/2023 - FTN: a5694373 - did student pilot certificate application - phase 2 progress check review - four forces - said that the forces oppose one another - V speeds - doesn't know all of them - --- # 9/28/2023 - showed up a few minutes late - steep turns explanation - forgot about adding power - asked about stall speed in a steep turn - said probably higher stall speed - does not know V speeds - does not know where to find stall speed - said he didn't know what the FAR AIM is - I don't know if he is putting in any work at all - talked him though it, did not take notes on anything until I asked him to - --- # 9/6/2023 - phase 1 scenario 3 - showed up a few minutes late - Hasn’t reviewed v speeds - Didn’t know the sops for slow flight