# 8/12/2025 - when you are told to proceed direct or are given a heading, it is assumed that you will turn in whichever direction is closest unless it is 180 degrees behind you, if you are ever unsure make sure to clarify with controller ![[Pasted image 20250812141131.png]] - KHCR RNAV A - did full approach procedure, should have done teardrop entry but chose parallel (still very close to being parallel though) - remember that when you are cleared for the full approach procedure you only have to do the entry and then you can proceed inbound on the approach, the purpose of the holding pattern in that case is for course reversal -> assuming they did not specify that you do another lap in the holding pattern - remember that when you reach the holding fix (the point on the approach you are cleared from) you can begin to descend to the altitude prescribed for the approach # 8/5/2025 - make sure to select course knob to navigate direct to VORTAC - make sure to select radial for VOR approach when crossing the VOR - good job leveling off at minimums - [ ] review [[Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)#DME Accuracy|DME Accuracy]] - KOCF ILS 36 (no GPS) starting from OCF Vortac - make sure that you pay close attention to the course you are selecting at each point and double checking that you are using the correct navaid - always make sure that you do not set the reverse course for a localizer because the deflection will not change meaning you will give yourself reverse sensing # 7/8/2025 - reviewed how to find preferred routes - did not plan route for cross country flight # 6/19/25 - review of missed items on stage 3 progress check - review localizer width - review glideslope width - review how to identify MAP - review that loc / glideslope is 90 / 150 MHz - review departure procedure 35AGL end / 400 AGL turn / 200 ft/nm standard - always have in mind which heading you're going to turn to to join an arc, this will avoid the tendency to turn in the wrong direction - you do great once you are on the arc but tend to mess up the entries # 5/21/2025 - reviewed missed written test questions - [ ] link to hold entry practice: [Wolphram Alpha Hold Test](https://www.wolframcloud.com/objects/demonstrations/PracticingAircraftHoldingPatternEntries-source.nb) - review and practice the different types of VOR checks, remember that you can have a dual vor system and do a different type of VOR check - ![[VOR Inspection]] # 5/20/2025 - goal for written test: end of May - for tomorrow: take practice written test and save the results so that we can go over them as well as practice for the stage 3 oral ## KAGS ILS 35 (full approach) - good job with procedure turn - remember that you should start descending to outbound minimum altitude once you cross the IAF - # 3/24/2025 - review when GPS substitution is allowed (AIM) 1. _The allowances described in this section apply even when a facility is identified as required on a procedure (for example, “Note [ADF](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-a.html#$ADF) required”)._ 2. _These operations do not include lateral navigation on localizer-based courses (including localizer back-course guidance) without reference to raw localizer data._ 3. _Unless otherwise specified, a suitable [RNAV](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-r.html#$RNAV) system cannot be used for navigation on procedures that are identified as not authorized (“NA”) without exception by a [NOTAM](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-n.html#$NOTAM). For example, an operator may not use a [RNAV](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-r.html#$RNAV) system to navigate on a procedure affected by an expired or unsatisfactory flight inspection, or a procedure that is based upon a recently decommissioned NAVAID._ 4. _Pilots may not substitute for the NAVAID (for example, a VOR or [NDB](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-n.html#$NDB)) providing lateral guidance for the final approach segment. This restriction does not refer to instrument approach procedures with “or [GPS](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-g.html#$GPS)” in the title when using [GPS](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-g.html#$GPS) or [WAAS](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-w.html#$WAAS). These allowances do not apply to procedures that are identified as not authorized (NA) without exception by a [NOTAM](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-n.html#$NOTAM), as other conditions may still exist and result in a procedure not being available. For example, these allowances do not apply to a procedure associated with an expired or unsatisfactory flight inspection, or is based upon a recently decommissioned NAVAID._ 5. _Use of a suitable [RNAV](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-r.html#$RNAV) system as a means to navigate on the final approach segment of an instrument approach procedure based on a VOR, TACAN or [NDB](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-n.html#$NDB) signal, is allowable. The underlying NAVAID must be operational and the NAVAID monitored for final segment course alignment._ 6. _For the purpose of paragraph [c](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap1_section_2.html#OAOK815dchri), “VOR” includes VOR, VOR/[DME](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/pcg_html/glossary-d.html#$DME), and VORTAC facilities and “compass locator” includes locator outer marker and locator middle marker._ # 3/3/2025 - [ ] review RNP (AIM 1-2) ## CDI Scaling - departure: 0.3 - terminal: 1 - enroute: 2 - oceanic: 4 # 2/27/2025 ## GPS - [ ] review [AIM 1-2](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap1_section_2.html) # 2/27/2025 ## GPS - [ ] review [AIM 1-2](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap1_section_2.html) (all subsections) - remember that GPS is a type of GNSS - global navigation satellite system - WAAS - good note about it being SBAS - [how does waas work article FAA](https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/techops/navservices/gnss/waas/howitworks) ## VOR systems - great job with your description # Holding Procedures ## 5T's - great job ## Wind Correction / Time Corrections - great job - for time corrections, if you need to increase inbound time, increase time outbound by the same percentage that you need to increase the inbound time ## Chart Symbology - # 2/24/2025 - reviewed todays weather - discussed thunderstorms as they are related to IFR operations - discussed Icing as it relates to IFR operations - discussed alternate planning requirements for IFR - [ ] review [[Icing]] - [ ] review IFR alternate requirements # 2/21/2025 - [ ] review [[IFR Required Malfunction Reports]] - [ ] review [[VHF Omnirange (VOR)#VOR Service Volumes|VOR Service Volumes]] - [ ] read 1-1-17 please - [ ] review [Bold Method: VCOA](https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/maneuvers/how-to-fly-a-visual-climb-over-airport-vcoa-departure-ifr/) # 2/19/2025 ## En-route chart symbology - [ ] continue to practice - overall good job, just make sure that you are able to remember each of the acronyms ## VOR - good description of how VORs work - [ ] review [AIM VOR service volumes](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap1_section_1.html#ncG212JACK) - [ ] review ![[VHF Omnirange (VOR)#VOR Service Volumes]] ### VOR inspections - good job on VOT description - remember it is 360 from and 180 to - be very careful with you explanation not saying VOT or receiver checkpoint interchangeable - dual vor check - good job - airborne check - great job just remember landmark ## GPS - good job with description - WAAS - [how does waas work article FAA](https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/techops/navservices/gnss/waas/howitworks) - RAIM - receiver autonomous integrity monitoring ## Holds - 5 Ts - [ ] review this # 2/18/2025 - DME ARC into a hold - great job with the arc - hold (310 Radial 15 DME from orlando vortac) - make sure that you are maintaining 90 knots in the hold - cruise checklist! - most importantly, leaning the mixture is key to conserve fuel (remember we want to maximize the amount of fuel because were holding) - make sure to report crossing the holding fix (altitude and time) - hold entry was correct ![[Pasted image 20250218154909.png]] ![[Pasted image 20250218155353.png]] # 2/13/2025 - [ ] review [Wolfram Alpha Holding Quiz](https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/PracticingAircraftHoldingPatternEntries/) ## Review for Stage 2 Progress Check - VORs - good job with explanation, but remember to include reference phase and variable phase - VOR inspections - review airborne check![[VOR Inspection#Airborne VOR Check]] - VOT locations can be found in the back of the chart supplement as well as VOR receiver checkpoints - GPS - remember that the satellite sends out a signal which (mainly) sends out its position and the current time - RAIM stands for receiver autonomous integrity monitoring - 5 are required for fault detection - 6 are required for fault detection and exclusion - fault detection works by the system calculating its position using 4 of the satellites and then another 4 to see if there are errors are in the system - WAAS stands for wide area reference system - [ ] review [WAAS](https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/techops/navservices/gnss/waas/howitworks) - [ ] review ![[Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)]] ## Redbird - start 1747.8, end: - remember to always use 30 degree intercept when within 5 miles of the VOR and 45 degree intercept when outside of 5 miles - parallel entry is timing outbound for 1 and a half minutes - hold @ mambo: ![[Pasted image 20250213161615.png]] --- # 2/12/2025 - [ ] try to get ahead with Cessna ground school phase 3 and 4 - [ ] work on phase quizzes 3 and 4 - [ ] review Required Reports when Holding - AIM 5-3-3(a)(1) - [ ] review enroute chart symbology - [ ] aeronautical chart users guide - [ ] IFR low legend - [ ] [Bold Method: IFR altitudes you should know](https://www.boldmethod.com/blog/lists/2022/12/you-should-know-these-ten-minimum-ifr-altitudes/) - [ ] [Bold Method: IFR symbols](https://www.boldmethod.com/blog/quizzes/2025/02/6-common-low-altitude-ifr-enroute-chart-symbols/) - remember to adjust your wind correction angle outbound to compensate for the turns in a hold <div class='iframe-container'><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/035S02-lg_c?si=2CKDBwgQ8cwt2khQ" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></div> --- # 2/11/2025 <div class='iframe-container'><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0s1I5ymBmsU?si=AcyZthUGHpPDdDDg" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></div> - [ ] review [Bold Method: Holding Procedures](https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/maneuvers/what-you-should-know-about-holding-for-ifr-pilots/) - [ ] review [Bold Method: How to Enter a Holding Pattern](https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/regulations/how-to-determine-your-holding-entry-procedures/) # 2/7/2025 - potential flights - KORL NYTES DEP - ENLOW - vectors to join V51 south eastbound - invert flight plan and add OMLOF intersection. Activate leg OMLOF to ENLOW --- # 2/6/2025 - for tomorrow, plan to fly either the NYTES two or the TOLLZ two and the rest of the planned route that is depicted in the lesson on flightlogger (flying published departure procedures) - practiced departure procedures in the redbird and discussed when departure procedures are necessary --- # 2/5/2025 - review RAIM - we need 5 satellites for fault detection - we need 6 satellites for fault detection and exclusion - [Wikipedia: RAIM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_autonomous_integrity_monitoring) - review AIM 1-1-18 (WAAS) - [ ] review [[VHF Omnirange (VOR)]] - [ ] review [[Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)]] --- # 2/5/2025 - review RAIM - we need 5 satellites for fault detection - we need 6 satellites for fault detection and exclusion - [Wikipedia: RAIM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_autonomous_integrity_monitoring) - review AIM 1-1-18 (WAAS) - [ ] review [[VHF Omnirange (VOR)]] - [ ] review [[Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)]] - tomorrow we will do Scenario 3: flying published departure procedures in the redbird --- # 2/4/2025 ## For Tomorrow - [ ] review [AIM Performance Based Navigation](https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap1_section_2.html) - [ ] review AIM 1-1-17 (GPS) - [ ] review the following video: <div class='iframe-container'><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qJ7ZAUjsycY?si=hFvT9MNDue5xcs88" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></div> ## DME ARCS - good job - [ ] continue to practice these in the ground trainer $\rightarrow$ they are not complicated but it is important to maintain proficiency in these ## Prog check review - [x] ground school stage 1 completed - [x] quiz 1 and 2 completed - lead points for rolling out of bank - lead for roll out is $\frac{1}{2}$ of bank angle - pitch and power values - good job ### Availability for Prog Check - prefer not the weekend but can do anytime # 2/3/2025 - oral review for stage 1 progress check - [x] complete phase 1 and 2 of Cessna ground school - review CRAFT - clearance limit - route - altitude - frequency - transponder - instrument scan errors - omission - fixation - emphasis - primary and supporting vs control and performance - [ ] review primary and supporting instruments: ![[Pasted image 20240114132914.png]] - [ ] review pitch and power values - lead points for heading and altitude - lead for roll out is $\frac{1}{2}$ of bank angle - [ ] review [[IFR Required Malfunction Reports]] # 1/27/2025 ## Basic Attitude Instrument Flying - great job! - ==**don't forget to raise the wingtip before starting a turn**== ## Pattern 1 $\rightarrow$ partial panel - amazing!! - altitude $\pm 50$ feet - rollouts a little bit inconsistent because of bank angle being too steep or shallow, but great job for this being your first time in the airplane ## Constant Airspeed Climbs and Descents - remember that when making adjustments to your pitch, give the VSI a second to register the change (the VSI is the most delayed instrument on the G1000 because it has to register trend changes in pressure) # 1/23/2025 - good improvement with instrument flight patterns - when thinking about starting a descending turn, I would always try to go straight to the pitch and power value and the approximate bank angle required for the turn $\rightarrow$ this is where the pitch and power table can help you a lot because it gives you a good known starting point while trying to multitask - roll outs on headings were very good! - level offs were very good! ## Things to Review over the weekend - [ ] G1000 Pilots Guide System Overview - [ ] finish phase 1 and 2 quizzes (linked at the bottom of this page) # 1/22/2025 - reviewed methods of picking up IFR clearances - review [Bold Method: How to pick up an IFR clearance](https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/regulations/how-to-pick-up-an-ifr-clearance/) - [ ] ==***make sure that you have pitch and power table memorized for our next session***== --- # 1/21/2025 - continue to practice instrument flight patterns - remember usage of the ground trainer is free!! $\rightarrow$ this can be great for practice (make sure that you put yourself in IMC) - [ ] review [[Magnetic Compass Turns Guide.pdf]] - [ ] review [[Heading Indicator and Magnetic Compass]] - [ ] review [FAR 91.187](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/section-91.187) - [ ] review G1000 pilots guide system overview - [ ] ==review primary and supporting instruments== - [ ] ==review pitch and power table== --- # 1/20/2025 - reviewed weather information related to phase 1 stage 1 scenario - talked about instrument flight deck check - [ ] review [Bold Method: Instrument Flight Deck Check](https://www.boldmethod.com/blog/lists/2018/06/12-steps-for-the-perfect-instrument-cockpit-check/) - great job with checklist usage - [ ] review primary and supporting instruments: ![[Pasted image 20240114132914.png]] # 1/17/2025 - link to google docs IFR sheet: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-qvYdwICoyyuLRQ4ExLqEFIKOfPaaaMKD5ReAYyidCw/edit?usp=sharing - link to Pilots Cafe Study Guide: [[Pilots Cafe IFR Quick Review.pdf]] ## IFR Phase Quizzes - [[quiz 1.pdf]] - [[quiz 2.pdf]] - [[quiz 3.pdf]] - [[quiz 4.pdf]] - [[quiz 5.pdf]] - [[quiz 6.pdf]] - [[quiz 7.pdf]] - [[quiz 8.pdf]]