or an apparent difference in position due to the point-of-view of the observer, is notably present in aircraft with side-by-side seating arrangements. ### Turning Flight ![[AFH parallax.png]] In an aircraft with a side-by-side seating arrangement, the pilot is laterally offset from the longitudinal axis of the airplane. When in a banked attitude, the pilot is raised or lowered in relation to the longitudinal axis, resulting in a perceived change in pitch attitude. For a pilot seated on the left side: - the nose appears to rise when turning left; the pilot will tend to lower pitch and lose altitude - the nose appears to fall when turning right; the pilot will tend to raise pitch and gain altitude For a pilot seated on the right side: - the nose appears to fall when turning left; the pilot will tend to raise pitch and gain altitude - the nose appears to rise when turning right; the pilot will tend to lower pitch and lose altitude It is important for new pilots to understand that correctly executed left and right turns will **NOT** have perfectly mirrored sight pictures. ![[commercial steep turn left.png]] ![[commercial steep turn right.png]] The magnitude of the apparent change in pitch attitude increases as bank angle increases. Additionally, pilots will experience more parallax when seated further away from the longitudinal axis of the aircraft (dependent on aircraft design). ### Takeoff and Landing During takeoff and landing, parallax can also manifest as a discrepancy in longitudinal alignment. This can be especially challenging for new CFI applicants, moving from the left side to the right side. For a pilot seated on the left side: - the nose appears to the right of centerline; the pilot will attempt to land longitudinally misaligned to the left For a pilot seated on the right side: - the nose appears to the left of centerline; the pilot will attempt to land longitudinally misaligned to the right